Axiell Internet Server 6 | Details | Lantern slides of WWI field station and notes on wound treatment

Sidebar content	Main content
Actions	Lantern slides of WWI field station and notes on wound treatment Remove from selection Add to selection Object number@NOO-4 TitleLantern slides of WWI field station and notes on wound treatment Creator Glasgow RAE Makers DescriptionPart 4 of 4 Diagrams and graphs of techniques of wound treatment in the field: Diagram 1 - Cross section of limb to show irregular wound with several perforated tubes distributing hypochlorite solution Diagram 2 - Dressing with Y connecting tube and two distributing tubes each with four branches so that the whole wound is bathed with the hypochlorite solution Graph 1 - Microbial chart – Carrel treatment In upright columns the number of microbes in the microscope field from infinity to 1 and 1 to 1/20: 1/20 means 1 organism found in 20 fields Graph 2 - Evolution of organisms in a war wound, untreated In gas gangrene, Streptococcus and Staphylococcus Additional notes written on glass slides are below: Experience of South African War led surgeons to expect generally aseptic healing of war wounds. After Battle of Marne and Aisne, sepsis found to be invariable and inevitable. Cause of Sepsis: 1) Composition of projectiles a. Rifle bullet lead core in casing of cupro-nickel b. Shrapnel and h.e. (high explosive) ragged pieces of steel 2) High velocity projectiles 3) Infection from ground mud and equipment, gas gangrene, tetanus, streptococci infection 4) Wounded me suffer from hunger, cold, exhaustion, mental excitement. Development of methods of treatment Period I: Augt and Sept 1914 Aseptic methods of civilian surgery Aseptic or antiseptic cleansing of wound suture – results bad Period II: Oct 1914 to July 1915 Reversion to Listerism Free opening of wound, drainage, strong antiseptics and antiseptic powders Pure carbolic Boisal [??] Period III: July 1915 to Spring 1916 Physiological method (Almroth Wright) Hypertonic saline 5% gauze packs or salt tablets – Non-coagulation of lymph Increased lymph flow Bacterial growth prevented Germs and necrotic tissue washed away – wounds smelly – results good Period IV: Sept 1916 to autumn 1918 Carrel-Dakin method • Very free excision of damaged tissue, no suture • Lavage of wound with hypochlorite of soda 5% (bleaching powder) • Organisms in wound counted daily • Sterilisation of wound in 10-15 days • Secondary suture Period V: Summer and autumn of 1918 Excision and primary suture (Gray) • Delayed primary suture • “Bipp” (Rutherford Morison) Bismuth Subnitrate – 1 part Iodofom – 2 parts Liquid paraffin – q. s. Wound excised freely, filly with “bipp” and sutured Phase periods overlapped and the methods practised varied to some degree in different areas with the military exigencies. ‘Discomforts’ of Army Life • Mud • Wind – The “Vardar” winds • Flies • Mosquitoes • Extreme cold and heat • Enemy aeroplanes • Bombs • Shells (“Karasouli Kate” and “Lousey Loo”) Special arrangements in view of British attack on enemy’s position: 1. Preparation of large stocks if dressings, splints etc 2. Arrival of “group” from Base to assist Doctors and Nurses at C.C.S. a. Group consists of 3 doctors, 5 nurses, 10 orderlies 3. Motor ambulances brought up from base and sent close up to firing line 4. Increase in number of ambulance trains 5. Provisional trains put on disused parts of line (exposed to shell-fire) Production date 1916 - 1918 Production periodTwentieth century, early Object namePhotographs, Notes Object categoryPHOTOGRAPH Dimensions Box Length: 42 cm Box Width: 12 cm Box Depth: 12 cm Slide Height: 8 cm Slide Width: 8 cm

Object number@NOO-4

TitleLantern slides of WWI field station and notes on wound treatment

DescriptionPart 4 of 4 Diagrams and graphs of techniques of wound treatment in the field: Diagram 1 - Cross section of limb to show irregular wound with several perforated tubes distributing hypochlorite solution Diagram 2 - Dressing with Y connecting tube and two distributing tubes each with four branches so that the whole wound is bathed with the hypochlorite solution Graph 1 - Microbial chart – Carrel treatment In upright columns the number of microbes in the microscope field from infinity to 1 and 1 to 1/20: 1/20 means 1 organism found in 20 fields Graph 2 - Evolution of organisms in a war wound, untreated In gas gangrene, Streptococcus and Staphylococcus Additional notes written on glass slides are below: Experience of South African War led surgeons to expect generally aseptic healing of war wounds. After Battle of Marne and Aisne, sepsis found to be invariable and inevitable. Cause of Sepsis: 1) Composition of projectiles a. Rifle bullet lead core in casing of cupro-nickel b. Shrapnel and h.e. (high explosive) ragged pieces of steel 2) High velocity projectiles 3) Infection from ground mud and equipment, gas gangrene, tetanus, streptococci infection 4) Wounded me suffer from hunger, cold, exhaustion, mental excitement. Development of methods of treatment Period I: Augt and Sept 1914 Aseptic methods of civilian surgery Aseptic or antiseptic cleansing of wound suture – results bad Period II: Oct 1914 to July 1915 Reversion to Listerism Free opening of wound, drainage, strong antiseptics and antiseptic powders Pure carbolic Boisal [??] Period III: July 1915 to Spring 1916 Physiological method (Almroth Wright) Hypertonic saline 5% gauze packs or salt tablets – Non-coagulation of lymph Increased lymph flow Bacterial growth prevented Germs and necrotic tissue washed away – wounds smelly – results good Period IV: Sept 1916 to autumn 1918 Carrel-Dakin method • Very free excision of damaged tissue, no suture • Lavage of wound with hypochlorite of soda 5% (bleaching powder) • Organisms in wound counted daily • Sterilisation of wound in 10-15 days • Secondary suture Period V: Summer and autumn of 1918 Excision and primary suture (Gray) • Delayed primary suture • “Bipp” (Rutherford Morison) Bismuth Subnitrate – 1 part Iodofom – 2 parts Liquid paraffin – q. s. Wound excised freely, filly with “bipp” and sutured Phase periods overlapped and the methods practised varied to some degree in different areas with the military exigencies. ‘Discomforts’ of Army Life • Mud • Wind – The “Vardar” winds • Flies • Mosquitoes • Extreme cold and heat • Enemy aeroplanes • Bombs • Shells (“Karasouli Kate” and “Lousey Loo”) Special arrangements in view of British attack on enemy’s position: 1. Preparation of large stocks if dressings, splints etc 2. Arrival of “group” from Base to assist Doctors and Nurses at C.C.S. a. Group consists of 3 doctors, 5 nurses, 10 orderlies 3. Motor ambulances brought up from base and sent close up to firing line 4. Increase in number of ambulance trains 5. Provisional trains put on disused parts of line (exposed to shell-fire)

Production date 1916 - 1918

Production periodTwentieth century, early

Object namePhotographs, Notes

Object categoryPHOTOGRAPH

Dimensions

Item request date
Expected return date
Destination